Improved shade for lamps



C. E. L. HOLMES.

Lamp Shade,- N0. 34,860. Patented April 1,1862.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

C. E. L. HOLMES, OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND ELIZUR D. GRIGGS, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVED SHADE FOR LAMPS.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, C. E. L. HOLMES, of Waterbury, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Shade for Lamps, &c; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical central section of my invention. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan of the same.

Similar letters of reference in both views indicatecorresponding parts.

This invention consists in the combination, with a paper or cloth shade, of a lining made of thin metallic foil or metal-covered paper or cloth, thereby producing a shade of superior reflecting-power and sufficiently light to allow of its application to the glass chimneys of coal-oil or other lamps in the ordinary manner.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

The shade A is made of thin pasteboard, card board, thick paper, or cloth of any desired shape in the ordinary manner, and its outside surface is or may be covered with green or other color that does not afiect the eye. Its inside or reflecting surface, on the other hand, which with ordinary paper shades is left white, I cover or partially cover witha thin layer a of metal foil, ordinary gold or silver foil being preferable, or with metalcovered paper or cloth. By these means a shade is produced which throws as much eye.

light as possible downward upon the work or reading of the person using the lamp, and at the same time it removes the glare from the It is obvious that this object might be accomplished by placing under the shade or substituting for the shade a common metal reflector; but such a reflector would be impracticable, from the fact that in ordinary lamps, particularly in coal-oil lamps, the shade to be convenient must rest upon the chimney, and consequently must be constructed of some light substance. If made of metal or other heavy material, it would be liable to either overturn or break the glass chimney.

By lining the reflecting-surface of the ordinary paper or cloth shade with metallic foil or metal-covered paper or cloth the objection of the weight of the reflector heretofore practically insurmountable is entirely overcome, while all the benefits derived from a reflecting-surface are fully retained,and finally the great economy of my reflector, when compared with reflectors manufactured in any other possible way, is of itself enough to make it a great public good.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent as a new and improved article of manufacture, is-

A paper or cloth shade A, provided with a reflecting-surface produced by a lining a, of metallic foil or metal-covered paper or cloth, as and for the purpose specified.

C. E. L. HOLMES. lVitnesses:

J AS. M. ABBOTT, E. D. GRIGGS. 

